大牌檔? 大排檔?/ 夥計，一打藍妹！🍻作為香港人對大牌檔一定不陌生，但現今真正保留著其獨特歷史文化的元祖級大牌檔還有多少間？最傳統的大牌檔是怎樣的？單是其名稱已眾說紛紜，據說真相是當年政府為了避免出現大量非法擺賣熟食的攤檔，所有大牌檔都需要於當眼處裱裝起一張註有持牌人及檔位資料，約A4大的「固定攤位（熟食或小食）小販牌照」，大牌檔亦因此成名。而「大排檔」有指源自廣東的「排檔」，代表一連成排的路邊餐檔。此外，大牌檔不一定提供小炒，亦有以麵、絲襪奶茶、輕食等作主調的店主。 元祖大牌檔/ 大牌檔的原型可以追溯到二次大戰後，港英政府設立的小販牌照。於1921年，小販分成俗稱大牌的固定小販牌照 和小牌的流動小販牌照（e.g.炒栗子🌰）兩種牌照。直至1950，由於戰後的香港處於百廢待興的狀態加上大批難民從中國大陸湧入，居民生活十分艱難，因優先考慮經濟困難和老弱的人士，港英政府將牌照二合為一並發放出去，為低下層其提供一個謀生的機會。由於牌照費不高和經營成本輕，大牌檔價廉物美的食物深受普羅大眾歡迎。但是1970年代香港經濟起飛和快餐文化（1968年的大家樂/1978麥當勞）興起，加上政府希望整頓市容而加強對大牌檔的經營限制，令大牌檔面臨危機。 大牌檔的變奏/ 於1972年，政府停止發牌，所有牌照持有者需要集中經營，如遷入「熟食中心」，不願意搬遷者則可交還牌照，並領取約六萬元的金額補償。同樣在1970年代初，政府推行了十年建屋計劃，為滿足居民日常生活所需，俗稱「冬菇亭」的熟食舖位伴隨公營房屋應運而生。由於大部分面積小的冬菇亭都喜歡往外搭建帆布帳篷以便擺放更多檯凳招待客人，令其外觀如同大牌檔。由於以上兩者與大牌檔有相似的經營模式，在現今世代亦會被稱為大牌檔。 直至2009年，政府才實施大牌檔保育計劃，為大牌檔建設排污渠及煤氣管，並且協助破舊的大牌檔進行翻新工程。此外，大牌檔牌照亦可以傳給牌主配偶和直系親屬。2015年，當局檢討在滿足環境衛生、污水排放及座位劃分等條件下，解凍已停止多年的大牌檔新牌照發放，在有附加條件下發出新牌照，同時亦研究放寬現有大牌檔牌照的繼承條件，可由直系家庭成員繼承牌照。大牌檔有以上變奏/保育，但我港認爲都未能充分體現大牌檔的神韻...大牌檔的最大特色是其環境，能感受街道上的各種不確定因素，在香港這個發達城市中，那份對比感更具風味。 The Intangible Culture - HKers’ Treasure/ Dai Pai Dong serves you with the most authentic and free eating environment in HK, . In 1950 post-war, Hong Kong was in a state of desperation, and with the large influx of refugees from mainland China, the residents in HK were having a tough time. The British-HK government prioritised the ease on elderly and people who can barely make a living. overnment issued a license that allows food stalls to be operated in public space. It provided a chance for the lower class to earn a living. In the 1970s, HK economy rocketed, fast-food culture entered HK and the government began to tighten the restrictions and even stopped issuing licenses in 1972. Stalls are required to concentrate into a cooked food centre(operating like an ordinary restaurant), or they will need to return the license and receive a compensation of about 60,000HKD. Meanwhile, the government implemented a ten-year housing construction plan. To meet residents' daily needs, cooked food stalls commonly known as Mushroom Pavilions came fundamentally with public housing and replacing Dai Pai Dong. In 2015, the license issuance finally unfrozen but its potential value is yet to be well exerted.

🚍🚌🚦小巴不只是一種交通工具，更是一種香港獨有的歷史和情懷，你對它又有甚麼認識？ Minibus is not simply a public transport, it is the history and value of HK... 紅和綠/ 除了香港運輸處所設立的禁區外，紅色小巴基本上能在沒有固定路線、班次和票價的情況下前往香港所有地區。紅色小巴司機就像的士司機一樣工作，也是自僱人士。到了1974年香港政府建立了綠色專線小巴系統。綠色小巴有適當的時間表，固定的票價和指定的站點。毫無疑問，它對部份少乘搭小巴的乘客變得更方便。現今綠色小巴大都有特許經營權，例如有不少綠色專營小巴路線是由上市的AMS公共交通擁有，它更是香港唯一營業小巴生意至上市的公司。 總有你專屬的小巴路線/ 小巴不僅見證著香港歷史，而且對香港市民也具有一定價值。有別於視私家車為日常必需品的國家，由於香港土地有限和人口密度高，香港人主要依靠公共交通工具。小巴由於體積小、班次頻密和多而提供了更快，更高效的運輸解決方案。事實上，我自己也是每天需要乘搭小巴出入的一群。這無疑證明了小巴是具有最高性價比並在香港有極高需要的交通工具，上山過海無難度！ Red and Green Minibus/ Red Minibuses have non-scheduled services, they are free to operate anywhere, except prohibited areas set by the Transportation Department. And there is no control over routing, frequency and fares. All drivers are self-employed like taxi drivers. Meanwhile, the HK government established the Green Minibus System in 1974, minibuses with green roofs. Green Minibuses have proper schedules, fixed fares and designated stops. With no doubt, it is more manageable and user friendly, although you still need to raise your courage to shout out at the right timing, “Stop please!”. Chin up, and you are good to go. Green Minibuses today are operating as franchises controlled by different companies, for example, many are owned by the publicly listed AMS Public Transport (the only listed minibus company). Unlike Red Minibus drivers, Green Minibus drivers are company employees with fixed salaries. Your Personalised Route/ Minibus is not only a historical witness, it has a unique value for Hongkongers. Due to limited land and high population density in HK, owning a car is never a necessity and Hongkongers mainly rely on public transportation. Minibuses offer a faster and more efficient transportation solution with its small size, high frequency and diverse range of routes. To be precise, minibus drivers are always speedy and provide the highest cost-performance wise service among other HK transportation systems. 📷 @mr_nkf #我港 #kongcept #香港工藝 #香港精神 #生活節奏 #香港日常#hkindustrial #hkcraft #craftsmanship #preserveculture #hongkongspirit #hkfinance #minibus #hkminibus #小巴

《我港 Kongcept》批鬥大會 2021 【1/8工藝精神：一代宗師也難逃行業的式微 @kongcept852】 關於 #我港工藝 #industry_kongcept 💬//香港工藝事業享負勝銘，”MADE IN HONG KONG” 一詞對世界顧客都有信心保證。可惜隨著科技進步，經濟發展等等因素，不少工藝已經式微。我講工藝希望與大家分享一些僅存的工藝，好讓更多一起欣賞和記得種種的工藝精神！// 手寫小巴膠牌/ 記得嗎？我們2020年尾介紹過香港小巴的歷史和文化，如果忘記了或未閱讀可以先看回！而今日會延伸介紹一種香港獨有的傳統工藝，見證著小巴這幾十年時光的藝術。走到旺角先達廣場附近便容易看到一排又一排的小巴在等候乘客，但我們怎樣分辨小巴s的目的地和收費呢？ 線索就放在擋風玻璃上，那又紅又藍的白膠牌。 最後一位工藝師/ 每輛紅色小巴上都總會有幾塊小巴膠牌。現時小巴牌都是出自於同一位工藝師，麥錦生師傅。因為他已經是香港最後一位手寫小巴膠牌的工藝師。由於紅色小巴並沒有固定路線和收費，司機隨意更換小巴膠牌。而最為人熟悉定必是紅白藍三色的繁體字和價錢。別小看這一塊小膠片，原來當中大有學問⋯字的顏色方面，行內規定途經的地方是藍色、終點是紅色。例如圖1，就是途徑九龍城，前往黃大仙的小巴。而膠板也有學問，必須先用酒清消毒，逐一擦拭乾淨，因為若有靜電，會令油墨化開干擾筆跡。 繁體字的堅持與獨有字型/ 麥師傅的獨特字型也申請了專利。早期用毛筆沾油漆，字體夠大夠明顯就足夠。而油漆的濃稠度也非常講究，太稠的話字體會起泡，太稀的話字體會缺色。現今更要加上英文字。多年來，麥師傅都堅持使用繁體字，這才真正代表中文字。簡體字就像切開了一樣，缺乏了字體當中的意義。除了有一個字就是觀塘，麥師傅會寫做「官塘」，這是小巴司機要求，因為「觀」太多筆畫，遠處未必能夠清晰看見。 Hand-painted minibus plastic signs/ Do you still remember that we mentioned Hong Kong minibus history and culture earlier. So, what makes the passengers get the right minibus to their destination and charge? All these rely on the red and blue plastic signs on the windshield, a unique traditional craftsmanship in Hong Kong that has witnessed the past decades of minibuses. The only ONE craftsman left in HK/ Nowadays, most of the minibus signs used in red minibuses are from the same person, Master Mak Kam Sang. He is the last craftsman in Hong Kong to create hand-painted minibus plastic sign. This simple sign also takes a lot of learning. In terms of colour, there are regulations in the industry. Blue words indicate the place that would pass by, red words indicate the final destination. Insistence on using of Traditional characters and fonts/ Master Mai's unique font has even applied for a patent. For many years, Master Mai insisted on using traditional Chinese words to truly represent Chinese characters. Except for a special word, Kwun Tong, Master Mak would write "Kwun” (觀）into another word (官)which has the same pronunciation. That was required by the minibus drivers because there are too many strokes and may not be clearly visible from a distance on road.

Countdown2️⃣ 發展和傳承之間🔨 Between Development and Preservation 香港，短短幾十年，由一個小魚村發展成為今日的國際金融中心。不能不提的是，各種行業的興旺和發展都是孕育出今日香港的重要一環。可惜的是，營運成本、產品需要、經濟回報等種種困難，許多昔日的香港傳統行業變得不合時宜，漸漸淡出大眾視野。然而，現時本地的傳統工藝行業並非完全消失，它們只是在經歷輝煌之後，退居二線。事實上，有些工藝師仍然默默耕耘地繼續傳統工藝製作。我們希望通過介紹他們的故事，了解他們的價值並討論如何能夠在社會發展和傳統手藝的保育和傳承間取之平衡。 _______________________________________________________ Hong Kong, in just a few decades, has developed from a small fish village to today's international financial centre. There is no doubt that the prosperity and development of various industries play an important role to the Hong Kong we know nowadays. It is a pity that with various difficulties such as operating costs, product requirements and economic returns, many traditional Hong Kong industries in the past have become untimely and gradually fade. However, some of the local traditional craft industries have not completely disappeared, they just retreated to the second line after experiencing glory. In fact, some craftsmen still work silently to continue their traditional craftsmanship. We hope to introduce their stories, understand their value and discuss how to balance social development and the preservation and inheritance of these traditional craftsmanship. . 📷 @mr_nkf . #我港 #kongcept #藝術品 #香港工藝 #生活節奏 #香港日常 #hkindustrial #hkcraft #craftsmanship #preserveculture #hongkongspirit #hkfinance #neonlights #taxi #ฮ่องกง #hkspirit #hongkongneedshelp #hongkonger #hkig #insidehongkong #hkculture #hongkongmoment #capturehongkong #hkblogger #在香港的台灣人 #lifeinhongkong #oldhongkong #awesomehongkong #香港生活 #香港好きな人と繋がりたい

究竟紅Van這個行業何去何從？變成過去成為歷史📜，還是具有香港特色延續下去？🚌 紅色小巴的(可見)將來/ 紅色小巴數量日益減少，行內人士更認為不久將來有機會在香港消失。隨著新型交通的發展，紅色小巴的角色越來越不重要。例如港鐵港島延伸至西環及南港島線開通後，相關路線和數以百計的紅色小巴一次性被淘汰了。預計未來沙中線全面開通後，業界又會面臨另一次淘汰潮。重重的限制令紅色小巴營運困難。事實上，政府如果能夠檢討和放寬對紅色小巴的限制，他們是有生存空間和價值。例如許多新市鎮到了深夜，主要公共交通停運，居民只能選擇繞路比較遠的巴士，或者被迫乘搭的士，如果是允許紅色小巴提供服務，路線會較直接，費用也一定比的士平。另外高速公路在日間負荷較重，禁止紅色小巴駛入，這是能夠理解的，但是到深夜，交通壓力下降，應該開放予他們使用。 🏎例子：旺角來往西貢的路線，紅色小巴只需要大概25-30分鐘的車程，相反巴士所需時間會多出一倍甚至更多。 如果香港政府未能夠充分利用小巴彈性服務優勢，這只會導致他們最後無法經營。對他們來說，唯一的出路就是將所有紅色小巴變成專營路線的綠色小巴，這同時意味着紅色小巴將會在香港永久消失。 The possible future of red minibus/ It can be seen that the number of red minibus is decreasing day by day, people in the industry even think that it may disappear in Hong Kong in the foreseeable future. With the development of new transportation, the role of red minibus is becoming less important. For example, after the MTR Hong Kong Island line extended to Kennedy Town and started South Island Line, numerous relevant red minibus routes are eliminated at a time. And after the full opening of the Sha Tin-Central Line, the industry will face another wave of elimination. Under different restrictions, the operation of red minibus is veering more difficult. In fact, if the government can review and relax the restrictions on red minibuses, there must be room and value for it survive. For instance, in late night, main public transportation in new towns are suspended and residents can only hop on the only available bus route which has a longer than usual journey and travel time or forced to take taxi instead. If the red minibus is allowed to respond to those needs, the route will be more direct and the cost will be far less than that taxi. It is understandable to eliminate red minibus from the highway due to heavy load during the daytime. However, at midnight, the traffic pressure drops and they can be opened for use. 🏎Example: Travel time of a red minibus from Mong Kok to Sai Kung takes 25-30 minutes. But takes more than an hour when by bus. If the Hong Kong government fails to take full advantage of the flexibility of red minibuses, they will no longer sustain their business. #紅van #minibus